What I research
AI & Sustainability
I contribute to make AI development compatible with planetary boundaries. At the intersection of ethics, digital law, energy law, and environmental law, I design regulatory models to make AI work for the people and the planet.
- AI & Environmental Law
- AI & Energy
- Sustainable AI Regulation
- Sustainable AI standards
AI Ethics & Regulation
I conduct research on ethical issues raised by AI systems, like algorithmic biases and explainability. I lead interdisciplinary research on AI regulatory frameworks globally, with a specific expertise on the European AI Act.
- AI Act compliance
- Algorithmic biases
- Explainability of AI
- Sectoral implementation of the AI Act (banking, public sector, energy)
- AI in critical infrastructures
Governance of emerging technologies
Grounded in complexity science, I explore how we can govern emerging technologies through innovative, adaptive institutions and regulatory models that evolve alongside technological change.
- Complexity science & Regulation
- New modes of regulation
- Regulation as a dynamic system
- New actors of regulation
My research in videos
How to better regulate the environmental footprint of AI
Frugal AI and Regulation with T. Cottinet (Ecolab)
My publications
15 documents
Articles dans une revue
- Thomas Le Goff. Not greenwashing, but still… A closer look at big tech’s 2025 sustainability reports. Internet Policy Review, 2025, pp.1-6. ⟨hal-05207008⟩
- Thomas Le Goff. Environmental law's principles applied to artificial intelligence: a path towards regulation. International Review of Law, Computers and Technology, 2025, pp.1-24. ⟨10.1080/13600869.2025.2506166⟩. ⟨hal-05096108⟩
- Thomas Le Goff. AI-Driven Sustainability in the Energy Sector: Regulatory and Governance Issues. Oxford Intersections : AI in Society, 2025, ⟨10.1093/9780198945215.003.0027⟩. ⟨hal-05010616⟩
- Thomas Le Goff, Thomas Cottinet. La régulation au coeur des enjeux d'une IA frugale ?. Action publique. Recherche et pratiques, 2024, 4 (3), pp.9-19. ⟨hal-04981684⟩
- Thomas Le Goff, Antoine Oumedjkane. L’encadrement juridique des solutions numériques au service de la protection de l’environnement. Amplitude du droit, 2024, 3, pp.1-48. ⟨10.56078/amplitude-droit.621⟩. ⟨hal-04590544⟩
Communications dans un congrès
- Thomas Le Goff. Environmental Law’s principles applied to Artificial Intelligence: a path towards regulation?. BILETA's 39th Annual Conference "Green and Digital: twin transitions?", BILETA; ADAPT Center; Law Society of Ireland, Apr 2024, Dublin, Ireland. ⟨hal-04592245⟩
- Thomas Le Goff. La gestion du risque climatique lié au développement des technologies numériques. Le(s) risque(s) climatique(s), Centre de recherche juridique Pothier de l’Université d’Orléans, 2022, Orléans, France. ⟨halshs-04140592⟩
- Thomas Le Goff. Lever les contraintes juridiques à l’utilisation des données pour la protection de l’environnement. Numérique et environnement : quelle conciliation par le Droit ?, 2022, Puteaux, France. ⟨halshs-04140593⟩
Chapitres d'ouvrage
- Thomas Le Goff. La gestion du risque climatique lié au développement des technologies numériques. Le(s) risque(s) climatique(s), Mare & Martin, https://www.mareetmartin.com/livre/le-s-risque-s-climatique-s, 2024, 978-2-84934-787-4. ⟨hal-04592262⟩
Autres publications
- Thomas Le Goff. Comment faire face à la crise de l’énergie de l’IA ?. 2024, pp.1-5. ⟨hal-04814133⟩
Pré-publications, Documents de travail
- Timothée Schmude, Mireia Yurrita, Kars Alfrink, Thomas Le Goff, Tiphaine Viard. "Two Means to an End Goal": Connecting Explainability and Contestability in the Regulation of Public Sector AI. 2025. ⟨hal-05079915⟩
- Thomas Le Goff. Recommandations pour une action publique en faveur d'une IA générative respectueuse de l'environnement. 2023. ⟨hal-04371031v2⟩
- Thomas Le Goff. Reconciling the use of machine learning and the qualification process of nuclear software: a French example in International Youth Nuclear Congress. 2023. ⟨halshs-04140595⟩
Thèses
- Thomas Le Goff. Enjeux juridiques de l'utilisation de l'intelligence artificielle dans le secteur de l'électricité. Droit. Université Paris Cité, 2023. Français. ⟨NNT : 2023UNIP7092⟩. ⟨tel-04173119v2⟩
Cours
- Thomas Le Goff. The AI Act Game. Engineering school. France. 2024. ⟨hal-04611652⟩
Documents récupérés de l'archive ouverte HAL 